Menteri Luar Rusia Sergey Lavrov, dariKanan, dan Menteri Luar Iran, Mohammad Javad Zarif (Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov, right, and Iranian Foreign Minister Mohammad Javad Zarif (RIA Novosti – think IN pictures @1WORLD Community)
Ct1Mahani | SitiWanMahani – Pada malam sebelum rundingan damai di Syria, persi-dangan Geneva-2 adalah di ambang keruntuhan dengan pembangkang Syria yang diso-kong Barat mengancam untuk memboikot melainkan jemputan untuk Iran untuk menghadiri tersebut ditarik balik oleh 19:00 GMT Isnin.
Kumpulan Syria utama pembangkang, Gabungan Negara, yang sebelum ini telah tunduk kepada tekanan Barat untuk menyertai rundingan yang termasuk kerajaan Presiden Bashar Assad, kini berkata ia tidak akan menghadiri rundingan jika PBB tidak menarik balik jemputan kepada Iran.
“Kami memberikan tarikh akhir 1900 GMT untuk jemputan itu ditarik balik,” kata Anas Abdah, ahli jawatankuasa politik Gabungan, memberitahu Reuters pada hari Isnin.
Abdah mengulangi bahawa Syria Gabungan Negara akan menerima penyertaan Iran hanya jika ia “secara terbuka menyatakan bahawa ia menarik balik tenteranya, mela-kukan kepada perjanjian Geneva 1 sepenuhnya dan komitmen untuk melaksanakan apa-apa keputusan Geneva 2.”
Iran secara rasmi dijemput untuk menyertai persidangan keamanan Syria lama yang ditunggu-tunggu dijadualkan untuk 22 Januari, Setiausaha Agung PBB Ban Ki-moon mengumumkan Ahad. Tehran telah bersetuju untuk menghantar wakil ke Geneva.
“Kami sentiasa menolak sebarang pra-syarat untuk menghadiri mesyuarat Geneva 2 ke atas Syria . . . Berdasarkan jemputan rasmi yang kami terima, Iran akan menghadiri Geneva 2 tanpa sebarang prasyarat,” kata jurucakap Kementerian Luar Negeri Marzieh Afkham, Reuters melaporkan.
Menteri Luar Rusia Sergey Lavrov menyokong keputusan PBB untuk menjemput Iran, mengatakan bahawa negara ini tanpa rundingan akan menjadi “tidak suci.”
“Sekitar 40 buah negara telah dijemput ke persidangan itu, termasuk Australia, Mexico, Korea, Brazil, India dan Indonesia,” Lavrov pada sidang media di Moscow. “Jika Iran tidak dalam senarai itu, yang akan kelihatan tidak suci.”
Lavrov diterangkan kenyataan pembangkang sebagai “berubah-ubah” dan bukti bahawa ia bukan benar-benar berminat dalam menyelesaikan krisis Syria.
“Jika seseorang bermula begitu berubah-ubah . . . Kerajaan bersetuju tanpa sebarang syarat untuk mengambil bahagian dalam perbincangan, untuk negara-negara yang secara langsung memberi tentangan dengan dana dan senjata, termasuk yang tidak sederhana sama sekali, telah lama dijemput. Jadi apa yang perlu dilakukan, permintaan bahawa negara-negara menarik balik ?” Lavrov bertanya. “Rundingan kira-kira membawa kepada satu meja tidak orang-orang yang anda suka, tetapi orang-orang yang apabila menyele-saikan masalah ini yang tergantung.”
IRAN Invitation puts SYRIA peace talks at risk
On the eve of the peace talks on Syria, the Geneva-2 conference is on the verge of collapse with the Western-backed Syrian opposition threatening to boycott it unless an invitation for Iran to attend is withdrawn by 19:00 GMT Monday.
Syria's main opposition group, the National Coalition, which had earlier bowed to Western pressure to join the talks that include President Bashar Assad’s government, is now saying it will not attend the talks if the UN does not retract its invitation to Iran.
"We are giving a deadline of 1900 GMT for the invitation to be withdrawn," said Anas Abdah, a member of the Coalition's political committee, told Reuters on Monday.
Abdah reiterated that the Syrian National Coalition would accept Iran's participation only if it “publicly states that it is withdrawing its forces, committing to the Geneva 1 agreement in full and committing to implementing any results of Geneva 2.”
Iran was officially invited to participate in the long-awaited Syria peace conference scheduled for January 22, UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon announced Sunday. Tehran has agreed to send its representatives to Geneva.
"We have always rejected any precondition for attending the Geneva 2 meeting on Syria ... Based on the official invitation that we have received, Iran will attend Geneva 2 without any preconditions," Foreign Ministry spokeswoman Marzieh Afkham said, Reuters reported.
Russian Foreign Minister Sergey Lavrov supported the UN decision to invite Iran, saying that without the country the talks would be “profane.”
"Around 40 countries have been invited to the conference, including Australia, Mexico, Korea, Brazil, India and Indonesia,” Lavrov told a media conference in Moscow. “If Iran were not on the list, that would seem profane.”
Lavrov described the opposition’s statement as “capricious” and proof that it’s not genuinely interested in resolving the Syrian crisis.
“If one starts being so capricious . . . The government agrees without any conditions to participate in the talks, to which countries which directly provide the opposition with funding and weapons, including those not moderate at all, have long been invited. So what should it do, demand that those countries withdraw?” Lavrov asked. “Negotiations are about bringing to one table not those who you like, but those upon whom solving the problem depends.”
Free Syrian Army mendorong pandu tank melalui jalan di Aleppo 30 November, 2013 (A Free Syrian Army tank drives through a street in Aleppo November 30, 2013 (Reuters/Molhem Barakat – think IN pictures @1WORLD Community)
Tehran ialah penyokong asing utama Presiden Syria Bashar Assad dan penyertaan dalam persidangan itu di Switzerland telah menjadi salah satu halangan dalam penyediaan rundingan.
Arab Saudi, yang telah kuat kumpulan berjuang tentera Assad, yang disokong, telah keluar terhadap kehadiran Iran di ceramahnya.
Seorang pegawai Pejabat Raja Arab Saudi itu mengatakan hari Isnin bahawa delegasi Teheran akan dapat tiba di Geneva hanya jika kerajaan peralihan, yang akan ditubuhkan di Syria, bersetuju, AP melaporkan, memetik media Arab.
Satu lagi sumber rasmi yang dipetik oleh akhbar Arab menjelaskan bahawa Iran tidak hadir kerana pendiriannya mengenai Geneva 1 dan sokongan ketenteraan bagi kuasa-kuasa kerajaan.
Iran tidak menerima hasil persidangan pertama Syria keamanan pada Jun 2012, yang dikenali sebagai Geneva Kenyatan. Dokumen ini menggariskan langkah-langkah untuk penyelesaian secara aman kepada krisis yang berterusan, termasuk penubuhan sebuah badan pentadbiran peralihan. Sokongan orang ramai Tehran kerana dokumen itu kekal salah satu pra-syarat bagi penyertaan dalam rundingan.
‘Pasukan pengaman PBB di Aleppo adalah penipuan’
Sergey Lavrov menolak khabar angin maklumat yang pasukan pengaman PBB yang boleh dihantar ke Aleppo.
“Saya tidak pernah mendengar tentang perkara ini,” katanya. “Saya rasa ia satu penipuan yang lain. Terdapat ramai yang sanggup menggunakan apa-apa peluang untuk membiar-kan beberapa pasukan tentera antarabangsa ke Syria.”
Dia teringat bahawa rancangan itu adalah untuk mencapai perjanjian antara kerajaan Syria dan pembangkang bagi membuka koridor kemanusiaan selamat untuk Aleppo bagi menjamin keselamatan kepada pekerja-pekerja agensi kemanusiaan.
Lavrov mencadangkan kuasa tertentu telah cuba untuk menggunakan krisis kemanusiaan sebagai alasan untuk tindakan ketenteraan. Beliau berkata sebelum itu terdapat cubaan untuk mencapai tujuan yang sama melalui “senjata kimia krisis buatan yang dicipta, apabila semua menyalahkan untuk provokasi oleh pihak pembangkang telah diletakkan kepada kerajaan.”
Pada hari Jumaat, Damsyik diserahkan kepada Moscow rancangan untuk gencatan senjata di bandar Aleppo, meminta Lavrov untuk membantu dalam lulus kepada pembangkang Syria untuk memastikan pelaksanaan rancangan itu.
Tehran is the main foreign supporter of Syrian President Bashar Assad and its participation in the conference in Switzerland has been one of the stumbling blocks in preparing the talks.
Saudi Arabia, which has strongly backed groups fighting Assad's forces, has come out against Iran’s attendance at the talks.
An official of the Saudi Arabian King's Office said Monday that Tehran's delegation will be able to arrive in Geneva only if a transition government, which will be formed in Syria, agrees, AP reports, citing Arab media.
Another official source cited by Saudi press explained that Iran should not attend because of its stance on Geneva 1 and its military support for the government forces.
Iran did not accept the outcome of the first Syrian peace conference in June 2012, known as the Geneva Communiqué. The document outlined steps for a peaceful solution to the ongoing crisis, including the establishment of a transitional governing body. Tehran’s public support for the document remained one of the preconditions for its participation in the talks.
‘UN peacekeepers in Aleppo is hoax’
Sergey Lavrov dismissed as rumor the information that UN peacekeepers could be sent to Aleppo.
"I’ve never heard of this,” he said. “I think it’s another hoax. There are many who are willing to use any chance to let some international military forces into Syria.”
He recalled that the plan was to reach a deal between the Syrian government and the opposition so as to open safe humanitarian corridors to Aleppo in order to guarantee security to humanitarian agency workers.
Lavrov suggested certain forces have been trying to use the humanitarian crisis as a pretext for military action. He said before that there were attempts at achieving the same purpose by means of “the artificially created chemical weapons crisis, when all of the blame for the provocations by the opposition forces was laid on the government.”
On Friday, Damascus handed over to Moscow a plan for a ceasefire in the city of Aleppo, asking Lavrov to assist in passing it to the Syrian opposition in order to ensure the implementation of the plan.
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